View photographs and a description of the plant clidemia hirta, commonly known as kosters curse, soapbush, soap bush, or clidemia. Pp1 efficacy evaluation of plant protection products. Clidemia is a genus of flowering plants in the family melastomataceae. The invasive shrub clidemia hirta is a problem in tropical forest. Native to tropical america, clidemia hirta, commonly known as kosters cures or simply clidemia, is an invasive weed in many tropical locations. Clidemia hirta is a species in the genus clidemia which contains approximately 157 to 251 species and belongs to the family of the melastomataceae melastoma. Clidemia hirta was already described and the name validly published by carl linnaeus. Euphorbia hirta herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects. The generic name honours ancient greek author cleidemus. While this plant might look innocuous, it has spread from its native continent south america to as far as australia.
Pdf current distribution and potential extent of the most. This bird is a frequent visitor of my balcony garden and has probably contributed to the seedlings of clidemia hirta in my pots. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Originally from south america, it has since been introduced to australia, southern asia and east africa. Pdf the present study was undertaken to confirm the presence of a metsulfuronmethyl resistant r biotype of clidemia hirta l. Clidemia hirta, commonly called soapbush or kosters curse, is a perennial shrub.
In more shaded habitats it grows much taller than it does in exposed areas, where it typically grows less than 1 m tall. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for subspecies profiles. Soapbush clidemia hirta is a dicot weed in the melastomataceae family. It has small whitish flowers and fruits that are dark blue when ripe. It is an invasive plant species in many tropical regions of the world, creating serious damage. Clidemia hirta is established in kamakou preserve and nearby wailau and pelekunu valleys, and is intensifying in these areas. Though it currently has a limited distribution in australia, it is thought to pose a very significant threat to the wetter tropical regions of northern australia. Clidemia hirta is invasive in parts of tanzania tropical biology. Predation on liothrips urichi, introduced to hawaii to control the weed clidemia hirta l. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Proceedings of the national symposium on invasive alien species ias 2014.
Aquilaria hirta is a small, evergreen tree growing up to 14 metres tall338. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. In addition, the antibacterial capability of the synthesized agnps and plant extracts alone against a rare. Group b2 herbicides are known as als inhibitors inhibition of acetolactate synthase als acetohydroxyacid synthase ahas. Hirta definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Aug 25, 2014 this page was last edited on 17 december 2019, at. The invasive tropical shrub clidemia hirta melastomataceae in its native and introduced ranges. This site uses cookies to analyze traffic and for ads measurement purposes.
Clidemia in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. The invasive shrub clidemia hirta is a problem in tropical forest understories in its introduced range, where it invades gaps in the forest, preventing native plant species from regenerating. The plants database includes the following 4 species of clidemia. Names of euphorbia hirta in various languages of the world are also given. This is the first investigation to demonstrate the use of biochemical contents present within cyperus rotundus, eleusin indica, euphorbia hirta, melastoma malabathricum, clidemia hirta and pachyrhizus erosus extracts for the reduction of silver ion to silver nanoparticles agnps form. Factsheet clidemia hirta kosters curse keys lucid key server. The plant list includes 390 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus clidemia. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in euphorbia hirta.
Don kaurasiga, kosters curse, kui, mbona na mbulamakau, roinisinga, soap bush. Selected plant species interfering with resource management goals in north american natural areas. Maclean offers several options, including an unspecified celtic word meaning gloom or death, later suggested to be ei hirt dangerous or deathlike, or the scots gaelic hiartir westland. Kosters curse mistaken blame in the common name for the. Pdf a preliminary report on the potential resistance of a soapbush. Much of it has been made available to download from the internet. Aug 22, 2017 media in category clidemia hirta the following 158 files are in this category, out of 158 total. Originally from the american neotropics mexico to paraguay as well as the caribbean, 1 2 it has been introduced to australia, southern asia and east africa.
Discover lifes page about the biology, natural history, ecology, identification and distribution of clidemia hirta soapbush discover life. History and success of plant pathogens for biological control. Kosters curse clidemia hirta is listed in the global invasive species database among the top 100 of the worlds worst invasive alien species. Naturalised distribution global locations within which clidemia hirta is naturalised include tropical africa, madagascar and some oceanic islands with warm climates. Pdf the distribution of an invasive species, clidemia hirta along. Pdf current distribution and potential extent of the. This hairy leaf is commonly seen along the edges of our forest and is found throughout singapore.
Curse and proceeded to tell bryan the origin of the plant in fiji and. The below left picture is a distance shot of a scarletbacked flowerpecker dicaeum cruentatum with a purple fruit from clidemia hirta in its beak. Clidemia hirta is a densely branching longlived perennial shrub normally growing 0. Martin 1703 states that hirta is taken from the irish ier, which in that language signifies west. Muniappan, program director, ipm crsp, virginia tech. The history of biological control of invasive introduced weed species with fugal pathogens in hawaii began in 1967 motivated by the request of a kauai rancher whose pastures were infested with kolomona, senna surattensis. The spread of clidemia hirta has been linked to soil disturbances, particularly that caused by the wild pig, another invasive species. It contains about 450 species, the best known being c.
If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Plants profile for clidemia hirta soapbush usda plants. Clidemia hirta, the natural range of which extends throughout the humid tropics of central and south america from southern mexico to northern argentina and the islands of the west indies, is a densely branching melastomataceous shrub, growing up to four m in height and covered with dense hairs. An evergreen branched shrub growing up to 9 feet tall 3. Plant pathogens as biocontrol agents innatn7ehawaiianecosys. Invasive species pose a grave threat to many national parks. Continentcountryregion, distribution, last reported, origin, first reported. Projected distributional limits of clidemia suggest that it will be confined to sites below 1,500 m, the lower boundary of waikamoi. The book contains an invaluable list of invasive species with their countries of origin and regions of introduction.
All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. The date of introduction to the hawaiian islands is unknown, but it was first recorded in 1941. Case studies of invasive species highlight specific problems from a wide range of countries, including north america, africa, australia, south and south east asia, europe, and the pacific and atlantic islands. The distribution of an invasive species, clidemia hirta. It is also established in koolau gap below the current boundaries of waikamoi preserve. Construction of roads and trails for tourism may facilitate invasion of alien species. In malaysia this weed first evolved resistance to group b2 herbicides in 2010 and infests palm oil. Biological control in ipm programs in the pacific r. This species is native to much of tropical america. Clidemia cymosa camasey terciopelo clidemia hirta soapbush clidemia strigillosa thicket hogwood legal status. Clidemia hirta in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Don is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus clidemia family melastomataceae. A famous example of invasive species is the hairy clidemia clidemia hirta. Biomass allocation, growth, and photosynthesis of genotypes from native and introduced ranges of the tropical shrub clidemia hirta.
Don, was studied in fieldcage exclusion experiments. There have been many wellmeaning attempts by volunteer groups to. Clidemia hirta originates in humid tropical central and south america, extending from southern mexico to argentina, including venezuela, and the islands of the west indies cook 1929, gleason 1932, wester and wood 1977, steyermark and huber 1978, in peters 2001. How euphorbia hirta is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format.
It was david don, however, who reclassified it into todays valid botanical systematics. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Little precedent exists for management use of biocontrol with plant pathogens in native habitats with the goal of preservation of intact ecosystems, as distinct from agricultural applications, however. Les plantes invasives a madagascar docdeveloppementdurable. It was grown in the wahiawa botanic garden and was thought to be very promising because it wont be spread by birds. Its pathway into hawaii is unknown, ornamental, or accidental thru contamination. Introduced, naturalised or invasive in east africa. The plants database includes the following 1 subspecies of clidemia hirta.
Continent countryregion, distribution, last reported, origin, first reported, invasive. Clidemia hirta is a denselybranched shrub growing to four meters over twelve feet tall, with 5to7veined leaves and with stems covered with red bristles. Pdf palynological examination of the pollen pots of native. The plant list includes a further 24 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus clidemia.
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